Animation principles for web UI

Disney's 12 principles applied to web UI. Two of them matter most: anticipation and follow-through.

Animation principles for web UI

Disney animators codified 12 animation principles in 1981. Most still apply to UI 45 years later.

Animation principles for web UI
Four states of any UI animation — most teams skip the middle two.

Two that matter most for web:

  • Anticipation — small reverse motion before the main one. A button compresses slightly before springing forward. Tells the user "something is about to happen".
  • Follow-through — motion continues briefly after the trigger ends. Card slides in, slightly overshoots, settles back. Adds weight and physicality.

Easing functions encode these:

  • cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) — Material's standard ease, adds anticipation
  • cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1) — overshoot, adds follow-through

Linear easing is dead. Anything more than 300ms with linear feels broken.